# Retrieve and Modify Message History

This guide will show you how you can search, retrieve, and modify the messages you send or receive with Programmable Messaging, using the Message Resource.

A Message resource represents an inbound or outbound message. Twilio creates a Message when any of the following occur:

* You create a Message resource (i.e., send an outbound message) via the [REST API](/docs/messaging/api)
* Twilio executes a [\<Message>](/docs/messaging/twiml/message) TwiML instruction
* Someone sends a message to one of your Twilio numbers or messaging channel addresses

> \[!NOTE]
>
> For step-by-step instructions for sending your first SMS message with Twilio, check out one of the [SMS quickstarts](/docs/messaging/quickstart).
>
> For detailed instructions on setting up your local environment to code in all of our supported programming languages, see the [Environment Setup section of this Guide](/docs/usage#get-up-and-running-with-twilio).
>
> Looking to [send WhatsApp messages with Twilio](/docs/whatsapp)? Try one of the [WhatsApp quickstarts](/docs/whatsapp/quickstart).
>
> If you're looking for how to **respond to incoming messages**, check out the [How to Receive and Reply to SMS Messages tutorial](/docs/messaging/tutorials/how-to-receive-and-reply).

## Search Previous Messages

When you send an SMS or MMS message via the REST API, using the [\<Message>](/docs/messaging/twiml/message) verb in TwiML, or someone sends a message to one of your Twilio numbers or other channels, Twilio creates a [Message instance resource](/docs/messaging/api/message-resource). The [Messages list resource](/docs/messaging/api/message-resource) represents the set of messages sent from and received by an account.

Retrieving sent and received messages from history can be achieved by querying the [Messages list resource](/docs/messaging/api/message-resource). Here you can see how to retrieve all messages from your account:

List all Messages in your account

```js
// Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/node/install
const twilio = require("twilio"); // Or, for ESM: import twilio from "twilio";

// Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
// and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
const accountSid = process.env.TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID;
const authToken = process.env.TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN;
const client = twilio(accountSid, authToken);

async function listMessage() {
  const messages = await client.messages.list({ limit: 20 });

  messages.forEach((m) => console.log(m.body));
}

listMessage();
```

```python
# Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/python/install
import os
from twilio.rest import Client

# Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
# and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
account_sid = os.environ["TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID"]
auth_token = os.environ["TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN"]
client = Client(account_sid, auth_token)

messages = client.messages.list(limit=20)

for record in messages:
    print(record.body)
```

```csharp
// Install the C# / .NET helper library from twilio.com/docs/csharp/install

using System;
using Twilio;
using Twilio.Rest.Api.V2010.Account;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

class Program {
    public static async Task Main(string[] args) {
        // Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
        // and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
        string accountSid = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID");
        string authToken = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN");

        TwilioClient.Init(accountSid, authToken);

        var messages = await MessageResource.ReadAsync(limit: 20);

        foreach (var record in messages) {
            Console.WriteLine(record.Body);
        }
    }
}
```

```java
// Install the Java helper library from twilio.com/docs/java/install

import com.twilio.Twilio;
import com.twilio.rest.api.v2010.account.Message;
import com.twilio.base.ResourceSet;

public class Example {
    // Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
    // and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
    public static final String ACCOUNT_SID = System.getenv("TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID");
    public static final String AUTH_TOKEN = System.getenv("TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN");

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Twilio.init(ACCOUNT_SID, AUTH_TOKEN);
        ResourceSet<Message> messages = Message.reader().limit(20).read();

        for (Message record : messages) {
            System.out.println(record.getBody());
        }
    }
}
```

```go
// Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/go/install
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/twilio/twilio-go"
	api "github.com/twilio/twilio-go/rest/api/v2010"
	"os"
)

func main() {
	// Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
	// and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
	// Make sure TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID and TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN exists in your environment
	client := twilio.NewRestClient()

	params := &api.ListMessageParams{}
	params.SetLimit(20)

	resp, err := client.Api.ListMessage(params)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err.Error())
		os.Exit(1)
	} else {
		for record := range resp {
			if resp[record].Body != nil {
				fmt.Println(*resp[record].Body)
			} else {
				fmt.Println(resp[record].Body)
			}
		}
	}
}
```

```php
<?php

// Update the path below to your autoload.php,
// see https://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md
require_once "/path/to/vendor/autoload.php";

use Twilio\Rest\Client;

// Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
// and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
$sid = getenv("TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID");
$token = getenv("TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN");
$twilio = new Client($sid, $token);

$messages = $twilio->messages->read([], 20);

foreach ($messages as $record) {
    print $record->body;
}
```

```ruby
# Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/ruby/install
require 'twilio-ruby'

# Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
# and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
account_sid = ENV['TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID']
auth_token = ENV['TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN']
@client = Twilio::REST::Client.new(account_sid, auth_token)

messages = @client
           .api
           .v2010
           .messages
           .list(limit: 20)

messages.each do |record|
   puts record.body
end
```

```bash
# Install the twilio-cli from https://twil.io/cli

twilio api:core:messages:list
```

```bash
curl -X GET "https://api.twilio.com/2010-04-01/Accounts/$TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID/Messages.json?PageSize=20" \
-u $TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID:$TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN
```

```json
{
  "end": 1,
  "first_page_uri": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages.json?To=%2B123456789&From=%2B987654321&DateSent%3E=2008-01-02&PageSize=2&Page=0",
  "next_page_uri": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages.json?To=%2B123456789&From=%2B987654321&DateSent%3E=2008-01-02&PageSize=2&Page=1&PageToken=PAMMc26223853f8c46b4ab7dfaa6abba0a26",
  "page": 0,
  "page_size": 2,
  "previous_page_uri": null,
  "messages": [
    {
      "account_sid": "ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
      "api_version": "2010-04-01",
      "body": "testing",
      "date_created": "Fri, 24 May 2019 17:44:46 +0000",
      "date_sent": "Fri, 24 May 2019 17:44:50 +0000",
      "date_updated": "Fri, 24 May 2019 17:44:50 +0000",
      "direction": "outbound-api",
      "error_code": null,
      "error_message": null,
      "from": "+12019235161",
      "messaging_service_sid": "MGaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
      "num_media": "0",
      "num_segments": "1",
      "price": "-0.00750",
      "price_unit": "USD",
      "sid": "SMded05904ccb347238880ca9264e8fe1c",
      "status": "sent",
      "subresource_uris": {
        "media": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/SMded05904ccb347238880ca9264e8fe1c/Media.json",
        "feedback": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/SMded05904ccb347238880ca9264e8fe1c/Feedback.json"
      },
      "to": "+18182008801",
      "uri": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/SMded05904ccb347238880ca9264e8fe1c.json"
    },
    {
      "account_sid": "ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
      "api_version": "2010-04-01",
      "body": "look mom I have media!",
      "date_created": "Fri, 24 May 2019 17:44:46 +0000",
      "date_sent": "Fri, 24 May 2019 17:44:49 +0000",
      "date_updated": "Fri, 24 May 2019 17:44:49 +0000",
      "direction": "inbound",
      "error_code": 30004,
      "error_message": "Message blocked",
      "from": "+12019235161",
      "messaging_service_sid": "MGaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
      "num_media": "3",
      "num_segments": "1",
      "price": "-0.00750",
      "price_unit": "USD",
      "sid": "MMc26223853f8c46b4ab7dfaa6abba0a26",
      "status": "received",
      "subresource_uris": {
        "media": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/MMc26223853f8c46b4ab7dfaa6abba0a26/Media.json",
        "feedback": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/MMc26223853f8c46b4ab7dfaa6abba0a26/Feedback.json"
      },
      "to": "+18182008801",
      "uri": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/MMc26223853f8c46b4ab7dfaa6abba0a26.json"
    }
  ],
  "start": 0,
  "uri": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages.json?To=%2B123456789&From=%2B987654321&DateSent%3E=2008-01-02&PageSize=2&Page=0"
}
```

If you'd like to have Twilio narrow down this list of messages for you, you can do so by specifying a **To** number, **From** number, and a **DateSent**. The following example shows passing all three but you can pass any combination of parameters you need. This example filters messages for those sent from a specific number to another specific number *on or after* a certain date:

List Messages matching filter criteria

```js
// Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/node/install
const twilio = require("twilio"); // Or, for ESM: import twilio from "twilio";

// Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
// and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
const accountSid = process.env.TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID;
const authToken = process.env.TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN;
const client = twilio(accountSid, authToken);

async function listMessage() {
  const messages = await client.messages.list({
    dateSent: new Date("2016-08-31 00:00:00"),
    from: "+15017122661",
    to: "+15558675310",
    limit: 20,
  });

  messages.forEach((m) => console.log(m.body));
}

listMessage();
```

```python
# Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/python/install
import os
from twilio.rest import Client
from datetime import datetime

# Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
# and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
account_sid = os.environ["TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID"]
auth_token = os.environ["TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN"]
client = Client(account_sid, auth_token)

messages = client.messages.list(
    to="+15558675310",
    from_="+15017122661",
    date_sent=datetime(2016, 8, 31, 0, 0, 0),
    limit=20,
)

for record in messages:
    print(record.body)
```

```csharp
// Install the C# / .NET helper library from twilio.com/docs/csharp/install

using System;
using Twilio;
using Twilio.Rest.Api.V2010.Account;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

class Program {
    public static async Task Main(string[] args) {
        // Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
        // and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
        string accountSid = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID");
        string authToken = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN");

        TwilioClient.Init(accountSid, authToken);

        var messages = await MessageResource.ReadAsync(
            to: new Twilio.Types.PhoneNumber("+15558675310"),
            from: new Twilio.Types.PhoneNumber("+15017122661"),
            dateSent: new DateTime(2016, 8, 31, 0, 0, 0),
            limit: 20);

        foreach (var record in messages) {
            Console.WriteLine(record.Body);
        }
    }
}
```

```java
// Install the Java helper library from twilio.com/docs/java/install

import com.twilio.type.PhoneNumber;
import java.time.ZoneId;
import java.time.ZonedDateTime;
import com.twilio.Twilio;
import com.twilio.rest.api.v2010.account.Message;
import com.twilio.base.ResourceSet;

public class Example {
    // Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
    // and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
    public static final String ACCOUNT_SID = System.getenv("TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID");
    public static final String AUTH_TOKEN = System.getenv("TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN");

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Twilio.init(ACCOUNT_SID, AUTH_TOKEN);
        ResourceSet<Message> messages = Message.reader()
                                            .setTo(new com.twilio.type.PhoneNumber("+15558675310"))
                                            .setFrom(new com.twilio.type.PhoneNumber("+15017122661"))
                                            .setDateSent(ZonedDateTime.of(2016, 8, 31, 0, 0, 0, 0, ZoneId.of("UTC")))
                                            .limit(20)
                                            .read();

        for (Message record : messages) {
            System.out.println(record.getBody());
        }
    }
}
```

```go
// Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/go/install
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/twilio/twilio-go"
	api "github.com/twilio/twilio-go/rest/api/v2010"
	"os"
	"time"
)

func main() {
	// Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
	// and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
	// Make sure TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID and TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN exists in your environment
	client := twilio.NewRestClient()

	params := &api.ListMessageParams{}
	params.SetTo("+15558675310")
	params.SetFrom("+15017122661")
	params.SetDateSent(time.Date(2016, 8, 31, 0, 0, 0, 0, time.UTC))
	params.SetLimit(20)

	resp, err := client.Api.ListMessage(params)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err.Error())
		os.Exit(1)
	} else {
		for record := range resp {
			if resp[record].Body != nil {
				fmt.Println(*resp[record].Body)
			} else {
				fmt.Println(resp[record].Body)
			}
		}
	}
}
```

```php
<?php

// Update the path below to your autoload.php,
// see https://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md
require_once "/path/to/vendor/autoload.php";

use Twilio\Rest\Client;

// Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
// and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
$sid = getenv("TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID");
$token = getenv("TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN");
$twilio = new Client($sid, $token);

$messages = $twilio->messages->read(
    [
        "to" => "+15558675310",
        "from" => "+15017122661",
        "dateSent" => new \DateTime("2016-08-31T00:00:00Z"),
    ],
    20
);

foreach ($messages as $record) {
    print $record->body;
}
```

```ruby
# Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/ruby/install
require 'twilio-ruby'

# Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
# and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
account_sid = ENV['TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID']
auth_token = ENV['TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN']
@client = Twilio::REST::Client.new(account_sid, auth_token)

messages = @client
           .api
           .v2010
           .messages
           .list(
             to: '+15558675310',
             from: '+15017122661',
             date_sent: Time.new(2016, 8, 31, 0, 0, 0),
             limit: 20
           )

messages.each do |record|
   puts record.body
end
```

```bash
# Install the twilio-cli from https://twil.io/cli

twilio api:core:messages:list \
   --to +15558675310 \
   --from +15017122661 \
   --date-sent 2016-07-31
```

```bash
curl -X GET "https://api.twilio.com/2010-04-01/Accounts/$TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID/Messages.json?To=%2B15558675310&From=%2B15017122661&DateSent=2016-07-31&PageSize=20" \
-u $TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID:$TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN
```

```json
{
  "end": 1,
  "first_page_uri": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages.json?To=%2B123456789&From=%2B987654321&DateSent%3E=2008-01-02&PageSize=2&Page=0",
  "next_page_uri": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages.json?To=%2B123456789&From=%2B987654321&DateSent%3E=2008-01-02&PageSize=2&Page=1&PageToken=PAMMc26223853f8c46b4ab7dfaa6abba0a26",
  "page": 0,
  "page_size": 2,
  "previous_page_uri": null,
  "messages": [
    {
      "account_sid": "ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
      "api_version": "2010-04-01",
      "body": "testing",
      "date_created": "Fri, 24 May 2019 17:44:46 +0000",
      "date_sent": "Fri, 24 May 2019 17:44:50 +0000",
      "date_updated": "Fri, 24 May 2019 17:44:50 +0000",
      "direction": "outbound-api",
      "error_code": null,
      "error_message": null,
      "from": "+12019235161",
      "messaging_service_sid": "MGaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
      "num_media": "0",
      "num_segments": "1",
      "price": "-0.00750",
      "price_unit": "USD",
      "sid": "SMded05904ccb347238880ca9264e8fe1c",
      "status": "sent",
      "subresource_uris": {
        "media": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/SMded05904ccb347238880ca9264e8fe1c/Media.json",
        "feedback": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/SMded05904ccb347238880ca9264e8fe1c/Feedback.json"
      },
      "to": "+18182008801",
      "uri": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/SMded05904ccb347238880ca9264e8fe1c.json"
    },
    {
      "account_sid": "ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
      "api_version": "2010-04-01",
      "body": "look mom I have media!",
      "date_created": "Fri, 24 May 2019 17:44:46 +0000",
      "date_sent": "Fri, 24 May 2019 17:44:49 +0000",
      "date_updated": "Fri, 24 May 2019 17:44:49 +0000",
      "direction": "inbound",
      "error_code": 30004,
      "error_message": "Message blocked",
      "from": "+12019235161",
      "messaging_service_sid": "MGaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
      "num_media": "3",
      "num_segments": "1",
      "price": "-0.00750",
      "price_unit": "USD",
      "sid": "MMc26223853f8c46b4ab7dfaa6abba0a26",
      "status": "received",
      "subresource_uris": {
        "media": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/MMc26223853f8c46b4ab7dfaa6abba0a26/Media.json",
        "feedback": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/MMc26223853f8c46b4ab7dfaa6abba0a26/Feedback.json"
      },
      "to": "+18182008801",
      "uri": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/MMc26223853f8c46b4ab7dfaa6abba0a26.json"
    }
  ],
  "start": 0,
  "uri": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages.json?To=%2B123456789&From=%2B987654321&DateSent%3E=2008-01-02&PageSize=2&Page=0"
}
```

## Retrieve a Single Message

If you know the message SID (i.e. the message's unique identifier), then you can retrieve that specific message directly.

Fetch a single Message

```js
// Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/node/install
const twilio = require("twilio"); // Or, for ESM: import twilio from "twilio";

// Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
// and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
const accountSid = process.env.TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID;
const authToken = process.env.TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN;
const client = twilio(accountSid, authToken);

async function fetchMessage() {
  const message = await client
    .messages("MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec")
    .fetch();

  console.log(message.body);
}

fetchMessage();
```

```python
# Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/python/install
import os
from twilio.rest import Client

# Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
# and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
account_sid = os.environ["TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID"]
auth_token = os.environ["TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN"]
client = Client(account_sid, auth_token)

message = client.messages("MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec").fetch()

print(message.body)
```

```csharp
// Install the C# / .NET helper library from twilio.com/docs/csharp/install

using System;
using Twilio;
using Twilio.Rest.Api.V2010.Account;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

class Program {
    public static async Task Main(string[] args) {
        // Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
        // and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
        string accountSid = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID");
        string authToken = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN");

        TwilioClient.Init(accountSid, authToken);

        var message =
            await MessageResource.FetchAsync(pathSid: "MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec");

        Console.WriteLine(message.Body);
    }
}
```

```java
// Install the Java helper library from twilio.com/docs/java/install

import com.twilio.Twilio;
import com.twilio.rest.api.v2010.account.Message;

public class Example {
    // Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
    // and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
    public static final String ACCOUNT_SID = System.getenv("TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID");
    public static final String AUTH_TOKEN = System.getenv("TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN");

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Twilio.init(ACCOUNT_SID, AUTH_TOKEN);
        Message message = Message.fetcher("MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec").fetch();

        System.out.println(message.getBody());
    }
}
```

```go
// Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/go/install
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/twilio/twilio-go"
	api "github.com/twilio/twilio-go/rest/api/v2010"
	"os"
)

func main() {
	// Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
	// and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
	// Make sure TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID and TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN exists in your environment
	client := twilio.NewRestClient()

	params := &api.FetchMessageParams{}

	resp, err := client.Api.FetchMessage("MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec",
		params)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err.Error())
		os.Exit(1)
	} else {
		if resp.Body != nil {
			fmt.Println(*resp.Body)
		} else {
			fmt.Println(resp.Body)
		}
	}
}
```

```php
<?php

// Update the path below to your autoload.php,
// see https://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md
require_once "/path/to/vendor/autoload.php";

use Twilio\Rest\Client;

// Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
// and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
$sid = getenv("TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID");
$token = getenv("TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN");
$twilio = new Client($sid, $token);

$message = $twilio->messages("MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec")->fetch();

print $message->body;
```

```ruby
# Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/ruby/install
require 'twilio-ruby'

# Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
# and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
account_sid = ENV['TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID']
auth_token = ENV['TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN']
@client = Twilio::REST::Client.new(account_sid, auth_token)

message = @client
          .api
          .v2010
          .messages('MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec')
          .fetch

puts message.body
```

```bash
# Install the twilio-cli from https://twil.io/cli

twilio api:core:messages:fetch \
   --sid MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec
```

```bash
curl -X GET "https://api.twilio.com/2010-04-01/Accounts/$TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID/Messages/MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec.json" \
-u $TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID:$TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN
```

```json
{
  "account_sid": "ACXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX",
  "api_version": "2010-04-01",
  "body": "testing",
  "date_created": "Fri, 24 May 2019 17:18:27 +0000",
  "date_sent": "Fri, 24 May 2019 17:18:28 +0000",
  "date_updated": "Fri, 24 May 2019 17:18:28 +0000",
  "direction": "outbound-api",
  "error_code": 30007,
  "error_message": "Carrier violation",
  "from": "+12019235161",
  "messaging_service_sid": "MGaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
  "num_media": "0",
  "num_segments": "1",
  "price": "-0.00750",
  "price_unit": "USD",
  "sid": "MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec",
  "status": "sent",
  "subresource_uris": {
    "media": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/SMb7c0a2ce80504485a6f653a7110836f5/Media.json",
    "feedback": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/SMb7c0a2ce80504485a6f653a7110836f5/Feedback.json"
  },
  "to": "+18182008801",
  "uri": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/Messages/SMb7c0a2ce80504485a6f653a7110836f5.json"
}
```

How might you know the SID? When sending a message using the REST API, you will receive a [Message instance resource](/docs/messaging/api/message-resource) as the response from Twilio. Using this, you can inspect the **[Sid](/docs/messaging/api/message-resource#message-properties)** property of the resource. Read more about [sending messages](/docs/messaging/tutorials/how-to-send-sms-messages) in our guide on the topic.

When using the [\<Message>](/docs/messaging/twiml/message) verb in TwiML, you will need to specify a webhook URL the **[action](/docs/messaging/twiml/message#attributes-action)** attribute to have Twilio call your webhook when the status of the message changes. Your webhook will be passed a **[MessageSid](/docs/messaging/guides/webhook-request#parameters-in-twilios-request-to-your-application)** parameter identifying the incoming message. Read our guide on [tracking message status](/docs/messaging/guides/track-outbound-message-status) for more on how to do this.

When receiving a message, your webhook will be passed a **[MessageSid](/docs/messaging/guides/webhook-request#parameters-in-twilios-request-to-your-application)** parameter identifying the incoming message. You can learn more about [receiving messages here](/docs/messaging/tutorials/how-to-receive-and-reply).

However you obtain the SID, you can immediately request the message using the above code, or, you can save the SID in a database for later recall.

## Delete or Redact Previously Sent Messages

If you want to delete a message from history, you can do so by deleting the [Message instance resource](/docs/messaging/api/message-resource).

Delete a Message

```js
// Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/node/install
const twilio = require("twilio"); // Or, for ESM: import twilio from "twilio";

// Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
// and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
const accountSid = process.env.TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID;
const authToken = process.env.TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN;
const client = twilio(accountSid, authToken);

async function deleteMessage() {
  await client.messages("MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec").remove();
}

deleteMessage();
```

```python
# Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/python/install
import os
from twilio.rest import Client

# Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
# and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
account_sid = os.environ["TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID"]
auth_token = os.environ["TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN"]
client = Client(account_sid, auth_token)

client.messages("MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec").delete()
```

```csharp
// Install the C# / .NET helper library from twilio.com/docs/csharp/install

using System;
using Twilio;
using Twilio.Rest.Api.V2010.Account;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

class Program {
    public static async Task Main(string[] args) {
        // Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
        // and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
        string accountSid = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID");
        string authToken = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN");

        TwilioClient.Init(accountSid, authToken);

        await MessageResource.DeleteAsync(pathSid: "MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec");
    }
}
```

```java
// Install the Java helper library from twilio.com/docs/java/install

import com.twilio.Twilio;
import com.twilio.rest.api.v2010.account.Message;

public class Example {
    // Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
    // and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
    public static final String ACCOUNT_SID = System.getenv("TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID");
    public static final String AUTH_TOKEN = System.getenv("TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN");

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Twilio.init(ACCOUNT_SID, AUTH_TOKEN);
        Message.deleter("MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec").delete();
    }
}
```

```go
// Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/go/install
package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"github.com/twilio/twilio-go"
	api "github.com/twilio/twilio-go/rest/api/v2010"
	"os"
)

func main() {
	// Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
	// and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
	// Make sure TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID and TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN exists in your environment
	client := twilio.NewRestClient()

	params := &api.DeleteMessageParams{}

	err := client.Api.DeleteMessage("MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec",
		params)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err.Error())
		os.Exit(1)
	}
}
```

```php
<?php

// Update the path below to your autoload.php,
// see https://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md
require_once "/path/to/vendor/autoload.php";

use Twilio\Rest\Client;

// Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
// and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
$sid = getenv("TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID");
$token = getenv("TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN");
$twilio = new Client($sid, $token);

$twilio->messages("MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec")->delete();
```

```ruby
# Download the helper library from https://www.twilio.com/docs/ruby/install
require 'twilio-ruby'

# Find your Account SID and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
# and set the environment variables. See http://twil.io/secure
account_sid = ENV['TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID']
auth_token = ENV['TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN']
@client = Twilio::REST::Client.new(account_sid, auth_token)

@client
  .api
  .v2010
  .messages('MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec')
  .delete
```

```bash
# Install the twilio-cli from https://twil.io/cli

twilio api:core:messages:remove \
   --sid MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec
```

```bash
curl -X DELETE "https://api.twilio.com/2010-04-01/Accounts/$TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID/Messages/MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec.json" \
-u $TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID:$TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN
```

Perhaps you want to redact the body of the message for security purposes, but you don't want to delete the message from history entirely. Redacting a message is done by posting an empty body to the message resource (i.e., this is a specific use of the Message `update` call):

Redact the body of a Message

```js
// Download the Node helper library from twilio.com/docs/node/install
// These consts are your accountSid and authToken from https://www.twilio.com/console
// To set up environmental variables, see http://twil.io/secure
const accountSid = process.env.TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID;
const authToken = process.env.TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN;
const client = require('twilio')(accountSid, authToken);

client
  .messages('MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec')
  .update({ body: '' })
  .then(message => process.stdout.write(message.body));
```

```py
# Download the Python helper library from twilio.com/docs/python/install
import os
from twilio.rest import Client

# Your Account Sid and Auth Token from twilio.com/user/account
# To set up environmental variables, see http://twil.io/secure
account_sid = os.environ['TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID']
auth_token = os.environ['TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN']
client = Client(account_sid, auth_token)

client.messages("MMXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX") \
      .update(body="")
```

```cs
// Download the twilio-csharp library from twilio.com/docs/libraries/csharp
using System;
using Twilio;
using Twilio.Rest.Api.V2010.Account;

class Example
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        // Find your Account Sid and Auth Token at twilio.com/console
        // To set up environmental variables, see http://twil.io/secure
        const string accountSid = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID");
        const string authToken = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN");
        TwilioClient.Init(accountSid, authToken);

        const string sid = "MM5ef8732a3c49700934481addd5ce1659";
        var message = MessageResource.Update(sid, "");

        Console.WriteLine(message.Body); // will be empty
    }
}
```

```java
// Install the Java helper library from twilio.com/docs/java/install
import com.twilio.Twilio;
import com.twilio.rest.api.v2010.account.Message;

public class Example {

    // Get your Account SID and Auth Token from https://twilio.com/console
    // To set up environment variables, see http://twil.io/secure
    public static final String ACCOUNT_SID = System.getenv("TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID");
    public static final String AUTH_TOKEN = System.getenv("TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN");

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Twilio.init(ACCOUNT_SID, AUTH_TOKEN);

        // Get an object from its sid. If you do not have a sid,
        // check out the list resource examples on this page
        String messageSid = "MM5ef8732a3c49700934481addd5ce1659";
        String body = "";
        Message message = Message.updater(messageSid, body).update();

        System.out.println(message.getBody()); // will be empty string
    }
}
```

```php
<?php
// Get the PHP helper library from https://twilio.com/docs/libraries/php
require_once '/path/to/vendor/autoload.php'; // Loads the library
use Twilio\Rest\Client;

// Your Account Sid and Auth Token from twilio.com/user/account
// To set up environmental variables, see http://twil.io/secure
$sid = getenv('TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID');
$token = getenv('TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN');
$client = new Client($sid, $token);

$message = $client
    ->messages("MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec")
    ->update(
        array("body" => "")
    );
```

```rb
# Get twilio-ruby from twilio.com/docs/ruby/install
require 'twilio-ruby'

# Get your Account SID and Auth Token from twilio.com/console
# To set up environmental variables, see http://twil.io/secure
account_sid = ENV['TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID']
auth_token = ENV['TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN']

# Initialize Twilio Client
@client = Twilio::REST::Client.new(account_sid, auth_token)

# Get message with the given sid
@message = @client.api.messages('MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec').fetch

@message.update(body: '')

puts @message.body # Will be empty string
```

```bash
curl -XPOST https://api.twilio.com/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX/Messages/MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec.json \
    -d "Body=" \
    -u 'ACXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX:your_auth_token'
```

```json
{
   "account_sid": "ACXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX",
   "api_version": "2010-04-01",
   "body": "",
   "error_code": null,
   "error_message": null,
   "num_segments": "1",
   "num_media": "0",
   "date_created": "Mon, 16 Aug 2010 03:45:01 +0000",
   "date_sent": "Mon, 16 Aug 2010 03:45:03 +0000",
   "date_updated": "Mon, 16 Aug 2010 03:45:03 +0000",
   "direction": "outbound-api",
   "from": "+14158141829",
   "price": "-0.02000",
   "sid": "MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec",
   "status": "sent",
   "to": "+15558675310",
   "uri": "/2010-04-01/Accounts/ACXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX/Messages/MM800f449d0399ed014aae2bcc0cc2f2ec.json"
}
```